--- title: Do girls with PMS have higher prostaglandin f2α hormone levels than girls without? description: Yes. Girls with PMS had much higher prostaglandin f2α levels (average 379.07) than girls without PMS (average 101.23), with severe PMS linked to the highest l url: https://niyora.com/research/papers/differences-in-prostaglandin-f2-level-in-adolescent-girls-experienced-and-not-2023/ --- - [Niyora](https://niyora.com/) - [Research](https://niyora.com/research/) - [Library](https://niyora.com/research/library/) - Do girls with PMS have higher prostaglandin f2α hormone levels than girls without? Survey study, 2023 # Do girls with PMS have higher prostaglandin f2α hormone levels than girls without? Yes. Girls with PMS had much higher prostaglandin f2α levels (average 379.07) than girls without PMS (average 101.23), with severe PMS linked to the highest levels (average 454.31). Early or limited evidence 50 adolescent girls at an Islamic boarding school in Makassar, Indonesia ## What they did Cross-sectional study of 50 adolescent girls at an Islamic boarding school in Indonesia, half with PMS and half without. Blood samples were collected 5 days before menstruation and tested for prostaglandin f2α using an ELISA kit. ## What they found Average prostaglandin f2α in the PMS group was 379.07 compared to 101.23 in the non-PMS group (p less than 0.05, statistically significant). Girls with mild PMS averaged 283.32, and girls with severe PMS averaged 454.31. All three groups showed significantly different levels. ## What it means for you Girls with PMS have measurably higher prostaglandin f2α, a hormone that causes cramping and other PMS symptoms. This confirms what researchers have suspected. However, the study was small (50 girls), involved only one school, was limited to adolescents in Indonesia, and was cross-sectional. We cannot prove this hormone causes PMS or whether these results apply to women in other countries. 50 adolescent girls studied 379.07 average prostaglandin f2α in PMS group 101.23 average prostaglandin f2α in non-PMS group ## About the study Original title Differences in Prostaglandin f2α Level in Adolescent Girls Experienced and Not Experienced Premenstrual Syndrome: A Cross-Sectional Study Authors Ruqaiyah Ruqaiyah, Ikrawanti Ayu Wulandari, Ayatullah Harun et al. Journal Poltekita Jurnal Ilmu Kesehatan Year 2023 Study design Survey study Participants 50 What was tested None Open access Yes Read the paper [doi.org/10.33860/jik.v17i3.2491](https://doi.org/10.33860/jik.v17i3.2491) Original abstract This study aims to determine the differences in Prostaglandin f2α concentration in female adolescents who experienced and did not experience Pre-Menstrual Syndrome (PMS). Cross-sectional study conducted at a single institution. The sample for this study was female adolescents at the Darul Arqam Islamic Boarding School in Makassar, consisting of 50 adolescents who experienced PMS and those who did not experience PMS in a ratio of 1:1. Prostaglandin f2α levels were measured using an ELISA kit. The sample used was 5 cc blood from the median cubital vein by laboratory staff 5 days before menstruation. Data were analyzed descriptively and statistically. The results showed that the average Prostaglandin f2α in the group that experienced PMS (379.07) was higher compared to the group that did not experience PMS (101.23) with a p-value < 0.05, significantly. Furthermore, the group that experienced mild PMS had an average Prostaglandin f2α value of 283.32, while the group that experienced severe PMS had an average Prostaglandin f2α value of 454.31. The average Prostaglandin f2α level in the group who did not experience PMS, mild PMS, and severe PMS had a p-value < 0.05. This study concludes that there is a significant difference in the Prostaglandin f2α Level in adolescents who experience PMS and those who do not experience it and there are differences based on the severity of PMS. Reproduced under CC-BY-SA. ## Topics [Premenstrual syndrome (PMS)](https://niyora.com/research/topics/condition-pms/)[Irritability and anger](https://niyora.com/research/topics/symptom-irritability-anger/)[Adolescents and young people](https://niyora.com/research/topics/life-area-adolescents/) Research tells you what helps on average. Niyora helps on the day it hits. Calm down, see it another way, and decide what to say, with a PMS and PMDD app built by a doctor. ## Related studies Cohort study, 2025 How common is PMS in Chinese teenage girls, and what factors are linked to it? Survey study, 2025 What psychological and personal factors predict which university students will develop premenstrual syndrome? Survey study, 2024 Is physical activity linked to PMS symptoms? 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