--- title: Do nutritional interventions help with emotional symptoms of PMS? description: Vitamin B6, calcium, and zinc consistently improved emotional PMS symptoms. Other nutrients like vitamin D, magnesium, and soy had insufficient evidence suppo url: https://niyora.com/research/papers/effect-of-nutritional-interventions-on-the-psychological-symptoms-of-2025/ --- - [Niyora](https://niyora.com/) - [Research](https://niyora.com/research/) - [Library](https://niyora.com/research/library/) - Do nutritional interventions help with emotional symptoms of PMS? Systematic review, 2025 # Do nutritional interventions help with emotional symptoms of PMS? Vitamin B6, calcium, and zinc consistently improved emotional PMS symptoms. Other nutrients like vitamin D, magnesium, and soy had insufficient evidence supporting their use. Strong study design 3,254 women of reproductive age (15-50 years old) with PMS across 31 randomized trials ## What they did Systematic review of 32 articles reporting 31 randomized controlled trials involving 3,254 women aged 15-50 years with PMS. Electronic databases were searched from inception to October 2022 for studies measuring effects of diet and nutrients on emotional PMS symptoms. ## What they found Vitamin B6, calcium, and zinc had consistent, significant positive effects on psychological symptoms. Insufficient evidence supported vitamin B1, vitamin D, whole-grain carbohydrates, soy isoflavones, dietary fatty acids, magnesium, or multivitamin supplements. Only 1 of 31 studies had low risk of bias. ## What it means for you B6, calcium, and zinc show promise for emotional PMS symptoms, but more high-quality research is needed. Most studies had quality concerns, which limits confidence in results. 3,254 women studied 31 randomized trials 1 study with low bias risk ## About the study Original title Effect of nutritional interventions on the psychological symptoms of premenstrual syndrome in women of reproductive age: a systematic review of randomized controlled trials Authors Robinson J, Ferreira A, Iacovou M et al. Journal Nutrition reviews Year 2025 Study design Systematic review What was tested Nutritional interventions including vitamin B6, calcium, zinc, vitamin D, magnesium, and other supplements or dietary components Open access Yes Read the paper [doi.org/10.1093/nutrit/nuae043](https://doi.org/10.1093/nutrit/nuae043) Original abstract Context: Premenstrual syndrome (PMS) affects approximately 48% of women of reproductive age worldwide. It can lead to functional impairment, lower quality of life, and decreased work productivity. Despite the availability of medical treatment options, women are seeking alternative interventions because of concerns of harmful side effects and limited evidence of efficacy associated with pharmacological treatments. To date, high-quality research investigating the effects of dietary and nutrient intervention on PMS is limited. Objective: This systematic review investigated the effect of nutritional interventions on the psychological symptoms of PMS. Data sources: Five electronic databases were searched for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) published in English from inception to October 2022. Trials eligible for inclusion were nutritional intervention studies involving women of reproductive age that measured PMS-associated psychological outcomes. Data extraction: Articles were selected using prespecified inclusion criteria. Data screening and extraction and risk-of-bias assessments were conducted by 3 independent reviewers using article screening software and the Cochrane Risk of Bias 2 tool. Data analysis: Thirty-two articles reporting on 31 RCTs involving 3254 participants, ranging in age from 15 to 50 years were included and narratively reviewed. Only 1 of the included studies had a low risk of bias. Treatment with vitamin B6, calcium, and zinc consistently had significant positive effects on the psychological symptoms of PMS. There was insufficient evidence to support the effects of vitamin B1, vitamin D, whole-grain carbohydrates, soy isoflavones, dietary fatty acids, magnesium, multivitamin supplementation, or PMS-specific diets. Conclusions: There is some evidence to support the use of nutritional interventions for improving psychological symptoms of PMS. However, more research using consistent protocols, procedures to minimize risk of bias, intention-to-treat analysis, and clearer reporting is required to provide conclusive nutritional recommendations for improving PMS-related psychological outcomes. Prospero registration no: CRD42022369999. Reproduced under CC-BY. ## Topics [Premenstrual syndrome (PMS)](https://niyora.com/research/topics/condition-pms/)[Premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD)](https://niyora.com/research/topics/condition-pmdd/)[Diet and nutrition](https://niyora.com/research/topics/treatment-diet/)[Calcium](https://niyora.com/research/topics/treatment-calcium/)[Magnesium](https://niyora.com/research/topics/treatment-magnesium/)[Vitamin B6](https://niyora.com/research/topics/treatment-vitamin-b6/)[Vitamin D](https://niyora.com/research/topics/treatment-vitamin-d/)[Work and productivity](https://niyora.com/research/topics/life-area-work/)[Quality of life and daily functioning](https://niyora.com/research/topics/life-area-quality-of-life/) Research tells you what helps on average. Niyora helps on the day it hits. Calm down, see it another way, and decide what to say, with a PMS and PMDD app built by a doctor. ## Related studies Review, 2023 Can diet and vitamins help reduce PMS symptoms? 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