---
title: What are the most common perimenstrual symptoms? | Niyora
description: The most common pattern was a combination of mood changes, pain, digestive problems, and loss of normal functioning.
url: https://niyora.com/research/papers/perimenstrual-syndrome-nursing-diagnosis-among-taiwanese-nursing-students-2011/
---

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- What are the most common perimenstrual symptoms?

Survey study, 2011

# What are the most common perimenstrual symptoms?

The most common pattern was a combination of mood changes, pain, digestive problems, and loss of normal functioning.

 Early or limited evidence

2,758 female nursing students in southern Taiwan

## What they did

Descriptive survey of 2,758 female nursing students in southern Taiwan. Students answered questions about menstrual symptoms and cramps.

## What they found

The most frequently reported perimenstrual symptom was a combination of four symptom categories: mood change, pain, gastrointestinal disturbance, and decline in functional ability.

## What it means for you

These four symptoms often occur together in women with perimenstrual symptoms, which could help healthcare providers recognize the condition. This was only nursing students in one region of Taiwan, so results may not apply to all women. The study did not have a comparison group.

2,758

female nursing students surveyed

## About the study

Original title Perimenstrual syndrome: nursing diagnosis among Taiwanese nursing students Authors Cheng HF Journal International journal of nursing terminologies and classifications : the official journal of NANDA International Year 2011 Study design Survey study Participants 2,758 What was tested None Read the paper [doi.org/10.1111/j.1744-618x.2011.01185.x](https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1744-618x.2011.01185.x)

## Topics

[Premenstrual syndrome (PMS)](https://niyora.com/research/topics/condition-pms/)[Dysmenorrhea and period pain](https://niyora.com/research/topics/condition-dysmenorrhea/)[Pain and headache](https://niyora.com/research/topics/symptom-pain/)[Students and academic performance](https://niyora.com/research/topics/life-area-education/)

Research tells you what helps on average. Niyora helps on the day it hits.

Calm down, see it another way, and decide what to say, with a PMS and PMDD app built by a doctor.

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