---
title: Do women with PMS have different hormone levels? | Niyora
description: Women with PMS have lower vasopressin levels throughout their cycle, suggesting a biological difference. However, this very small study needs larger confirmat
url: https://niyora.com/research/papers/peripheral-measures-of-arginine-vasopressin-atrial-natriuretic-peptide-and-1996/
---

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- Do women with PMS have different hormone levels?

Non-randomised trial, 1996

# Do women with PMS have different hormone levels?

Women with PMS have lower vasopressin levels throughout their cycle, suggesting a biological difference. However, this very small study needs larger confirmation studies.

 Early or limited evidence

19 women with PMS and 12 healthy control women.

## What they did

A hormonal study measuring three hormones (arginine vasopressin, atrial natriuretic peptide, and ACTH) across the menstrual cycle in 19 women with PMS and 12 healthy control women.

## What they found

Arginine vasopressin (AVP) concentrations were lower throughout the entire menstrual cycle in women with PMS compared with controls and with the same women during asymptomatic cycles. No significant differences in ACTH and ANP were found between groups. However, ACTH and ANP were positively correlated in women with PMS but not in controls.

## What it means for you

This study suggests women with PMS may have an underlying neurobiological vulnerability, including differences in vasopressin regulation. However, this was a very small cross-sectional study, and findings require confirmation with larger samples.

19

Women with PMS

12

Control women

## About the study

Original title Peripheral measures of arginine vasopressin, atrial natriuretic peptide and adrenocorticotropic hormone in premenstrual syndrome Authors Rosenstein DL, Kalogeras KT, Kalafut M et al. Journal Psychoneuroendocrinology Year 1996 Study design Non-randomised trial Participants 19 What was tested None; observational hormonal study. Read the paper [doi.org/10.1016/0306-4530(95)00035-6](https://doi.org/10.1016/0306-4530(95)00035-6)

## Topics

[Premenstrual syndrome (PMS)](https://niyora.com/research/topics/condition-pms/)[Menstrual cycle and mood](https://niyora.com/research/topics/condition-cycle-mood/)[Cognition, concentration and memory](https://niyora.com/research/topics/symptom-cognition/)[Bloating, breast tenderness and physical symptoms](https://niyora.com/research/topics/symptom-physical-symptoms/)

Research tells you what helps on average. Niyora helps on the day it hits.

Calm down, see it another way, and decide what to say, with a PMS and PMDD app built by a doctor.

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