--- title: How common are premenstrual symptoms in secondary school students? description: Very common: 82.5% had mood swings or nervousness and 80.1% had fatigue. Educational level and age were associated with symptom severity. url: https://niyora.com/research/papers/prevalence-and-determinant-of-premenstrual-dysphoric-disorder-among-secondary-2020/ --- - [Niyora](https://niyora.com/) - [Research](https://niyora.com/research/) - [Library](https://niyora.com/research/library/) - How common are premenstrual symptoms in secondary school students? Survey study, 2020 # How common are premenstrual symptoms in secondary school students? Very common: 82.5% had mood swings or nervousness and 80.1% had fatigue. Educational level and age were associated with symptom severity. Early or limited evidence 246 secondary school female students aged 16 to 21 in Saudi Arabia ## What they did 246 female secondary school students aged 16 to 21 in Saudi Arabia answered a questionnaire about premenstrual symptoms and menstrual cycle features. ## What they found 82.5% had mood swings or nervousness, 80.1% had fatigue, 74.8% had too much or too little sleep, 69.9% had appetite changes, 67.1% had muscle or joint pain, 65.0% had concentration difficulty, 58.9% had low interest in usual activities, 58.5% had depression, 54.5% had headaches, 52.4% had bloating, and 51.2% had aggression. 40.7% had irregular menstrual cycles. ## What it means for you Premenstrual symptoms are very common in secondary school students and affect school performance. The study only looked at one school in Saudi Arabia using a questionnaire, so results may not apply elsewhere or diagnose PMDD properly. 246 students 82.5% with mood swings or nervousness 80.1% with fatigue ## About the study Original title Prevalence and Determinant of Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder among Secondary School Female Students, Makkah Al-Mokarramah, Saudi Arabia Authors Sara Saleh Aljebali, Layla Alofi Journal Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Year 2020 Study design Survey study Participants 246 What was tested None (survey) Open access Yes Read the paper [doi.org/10.12691/ajmsm-8-6-2](https://doi.org/10.12691/ajmsm-8-6-2) ## Topics [Premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD)](https://niyora.com/research/topics/condition-pmdd/)[Menstrual cycle and mood](https://niyora.com/research/topics/condition-cycle-mood/)[Low mood and depression](https://niyora.com/research/topics/symptom-depression-mood/)[Irritability and anger](https://niyora.com/research/topics/symptom-irritability-anger/)[Sleep and insomnia](https://niyora.com/research/topics/symptom-sleep/)[Fatigue and energy](https://niyora.com/research/topics/symptom-fatigue/)[Appetite and food cravings](https://niyora.com/research/topics/symptom-food-cravings/)[Bloating, breast tenderness and physical symptoms](https://niyora.com/research/topics/symptom-physical-symptoms/)[Pain and headache](https://niyora.com/research/topics/symptom-pain/)[Work and productivity](https://niyora.com/research/topics/life-area-work/)[Quality of life and daily functioning](https://niyora.com/research/topics/life-area-quality-of-life/)[Students and academic performance](https://niyora.com/research/topics/life-area-education/) Research tells you what helps on average. Niyora helps on the day it hits. Calm down, see it another way, and decide what to say, with a PMS and PMDD app built by a doctor. ## Related studies Study, 2026 What are premenstrual syndrome and premenstrual dysphoric disorder? Survey study, 2002 How common is premenstrual dysphoric disorder among women in Morocco? Randomised trial, 2021 Does hypnotherapy reduce pain and emotional distress in women with PMDD? Survey study, 2020 How do diet and lifestyle factors relate to PMS and PMDD in medical students? Survey study, 2019 What are the best ways to manage PMS? Randomised trial, 2018 Does swimming reduce premenstrual syndrome symptoms? Ask AI about this page Copy prompt ChatGPT ↗ Claude ↗ Perplexity ↗ Google AI Mode ↗ Grok ↗