---
title: Do adverse childhood experiences increase the risk of PMS? | Niyora
description: Yes, women who experienced more adverse things in childhood had significantly higher PMS symptoms. The evidence is fairly clear, but the study only included y
url: https://niyora.com/research/papers/relationship-between-adverse-childhood-experiences-and-premenstrual-syndrome-2021/
---

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- Do adverse childhood experiences increase the risk of PMS?

Survey study, 2021

# Do adverse childhood experiences increase the risk of PMS?

Yes, women who experienced more adverse things in childhood had significantly higher PMS symptoms. The evidence is fairly clear, but the study only included young university women and cannot prove childhood experiences cause PMS.

 Early or limited evidence

754 university women aged 18-25, average age 20.68 years

## What they did

Cross-sectional study of 754 university women aged 18-25 using questionnaires about adverse childhood experiences and PMS symptoms to examine whether adverse experiences are linked with PMS.

## What they found

73.2% of women had PMS. 60.5% had experienced at least one adverse childhood experience. Statistical analysis showed that as the number of adverse childhood experiences increased, PMS symptoms increased.

## What it means for you

Difficult childhood experiences are linked with higher PMS risk. The main limits are that the study only included young university women so findings may not apply to all women, and causation cannot be established.

73.2%

had PMS

60.5%

had at least one adverse childhood experience

754

women studied

## About the study

Original title Relationship Between Adverse Childhood Experiences and Premenstrual Syndrome Authors Zeliha Özşahin, Hacer ÜNVER, Sinem Güven Santur Journal Medical Records Year 2021 Study design Survey study Participants 754 What was tested None Open access Yes Read the paper [doi.org/10.37990/medr.954965](https://doi.org/10.37990/medr.954965)

## Topics

[Premenstrual syndrome (PMS)](https://niyora.com/research/topics/condition-pms/)[Irritability and anger](https://niyora.com/research/topics/symptom-irritability-anger/)[PTSD and trauma](https://niyora.com/research/topics/comorbidity-ptsd-trauma/)[Relationships and partners](https://niyora.com/research/topics/life-area-relationships/)[Students and academic performance](https://niyora.com/research/topics/life-area-education/)[Adolescents and young people](https://niyora.com/research/topics/life-area-adolescents/)

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## Related studies

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