---
title: Do women with PMDD react more strongly to lactate challenge? | Niyora
description: Yes. 58% of women with PMDD had panic responses to sodium lactate injection, compared to 0% of control women.
url: https://niyora.com/research/papers/sodium-lactate-infusion-in-late-luteal-phase-dysphoric-disorder-1993/
---

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- Do women with PMDD react more strongly to lactate challenge?

Non-randomised trial, 1993

# Do women with PMDD react more strongly to lactate challenge?

Yes. 58% of women with PMDD had panic responses to sodium lactate injection, compared to 0% of control women.

 Early or limited evidence

13 women with PMDD and 7 control women, none with prior panic disorder

## What they did

13 women with PMDD and 7 control women received sodium lactate infusions. Researchers measured whether they had panic responses and the severity of panic symptoms.

## What they found

7 of 13 women with PMDD (58%) had panic responses, compared to 0 of 7 control women (0%). Non-panicking women with PMDD also had higher panic scores than controls.

## What it means for you

Women with PMDD may respond differently to lactate, but the clinical significance is unclear. This was a small, non-randomized study.

7 of 13 (58%)

PMDD women with panic response

0 of 7 (0%)

Control women with panic response

## About the study

Original title Sodium lactate infusion in late luteal phase dysphoric disorder Authors Sandberg D, Endicott J, Harrison W et al. Journal Psychiatry research Year 1993 Study design Non-randomised trial Participants 13 What was tested Sodium lactate infusion Read the paper [doi.org/10.1016/0165-1781(93)90010-e](https://doi.org/10.1016/0165-1781(93)90010-e)

## Topics

[Premenstrual syndrome (PMS)](https://niyora.com/research/topics/condition-pms/)[Premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD)](https://niyora.com/research/topics/condition-pmdd/)[Low mood and depression](https://niyora.com/research/topics/symptom-depression-mood/)[Anxiety and tension](https://niyora.com/research/topics/symptom-anxiety/)[Anxiety disorders and OCD](https://niyora.com/research/topics/comorbidity-anxiety-disorders/)

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