Skip to content

Case-control study, 2016

Is low zinc or low antioxidant levels connected to PMS?

Yes. Women with PMS had lower zinc and antioxidant levels in their blood than healthy women, and these levels were linked to how severe their symptoms were.

Early or limited evidence 48 young women university students in Iran (23 with PMS, 25 healthy)

What they did

Compared 23 young women with PMS to 25 healthy women from a sample of 110 university students. Researchers measured zinc and antioxidant levels in blood and asked about their diet.

What they found

Antioxidant and zinc levels in blood were lower in women with PMS compared with healthy women (p<0.01 and p<0.05 respectively). Higher antioxidant and zinc levels were associated with fewer PMS symptoms. Healthy women ate fewer hydrogenated oils (p<0.05). There were significant differences in muscle mass between the groups (p<0.05).

What it means for you

Higher zinc and antioxidant levels may protect against PMS. However, this was a small study of university students in one country, so results may not apply to all women. This study does not show that zinc supplements will help PMS.

48

Total study participants

p<0.01

Antioxidant levels lower in PMS

p<0.05

Zinc levels lower in PMS

About the study

Original title
Comparison of serum zinc concentrations and body antioxidant status between young women with premenstrual syndrome and normal controls: A case-control study
Authors
Fathizadeh S, Amani R, Haghighizadeh MH et al.
Journal
International journal of reproductive biomedicine
Year
2016
Study design
Case-control study
Participants
110
What was tested
None (observational)
Open access
Yes
Original abstract

Background: Premenstrual syndrome (PMS) is one of the important health problems with high incidence in young women. The exact cause of this syndrome is not clear and some theories have been declared from hormonal factors to nutritional disorders. Objective: We investigated the correlation between serum zinc and antioxidant status with PMS. Materials and methods: In this case-control study, forty eight young girls were selected from a total sample of 110 students residing at university dormitories including PMS (n=23) and healthy (n=25) groups based on PMS questionnaire. Dietary intake questionnaire and blood samples were collected from all participants. Serum total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and zinc concentrations were also measured. Results: Serum TAC and zinc concentrations were lower in PMS patients compared with healthy groups (p<0.01 and p<0.05, respectively). Healthy controls consumed lower servings of hydrogenated oils (p<0.05). There were significant differences in terms of muscle mass between the PMS and healthy groups (p<0.05). Both serum TAC and zinc levels were negatively correlated to PMS scores (r=-0.39, p<0.05 and r= -0.36; p<0.05, respectively). Conclusion: This study shows that higher TAC and zinc serum levels are associated with lower risk of PMS. PMS cases have more hydrogenated oils than their normal counterparts.

Reproduced under CC-BY.

Topics