Interview study, 2017
What causes PMDD and what are effective treatments?
PMDD affects 3 to 8 percent of women. It is caused by fluctuations in hormones and brain chemicals called neurotransmitters. Treatments include hormone therapy, antidepressants, and psychotherapy.
What they did
Literature review examining the biological, genetic, and psychological causes of PMDD and available treatment options.
What they found
PMDD has an estimated prevalence of 3 to 8 percent in the general female population. It involves fluctuations in sex hormones, serotonin and GABA neurotransmitters, and personality traits related to stress. Available treatments include hormonal therapies, antidepressant medications, and psychotherapeutic interventions.
What it means for you
PMDD is a recognized medical condition affecting millions of women and significantly impairing their daily functioning. Multiple treatment options exist. More research is needed to identify biological markers and test non-drug treatments.
3-8%
prevalence in women
About the study
- Original title
- Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder: A Critical Review of Its Phenomenology, Etiology, Treatment and Clinical Status
- Authors
- Foteini Alevizou, Eleni Vousoura, Angeliki A. Leonardou
- Journal
- Current Women s Health Reviews
- Year
- 2017
- Study design
- Interview study
- What was tested
- None
- Read the paper
- doi.org/10.2174/1573404813666171027141849
Topics
Related studies
Review, 2024
What are the most effective treatments for PMDD?
Systematic review, 2012
How effective are cognitive-behavioral therapy and antidepressants for PMS and PMDD?
Review, 2001
What causes PMS and PMDD, and how are they treated?
Study, 2026
Do anxiety and depression get worse before your period if you already have a mental health condition?
Review, 2019
Which contraceptive methods are safest for women with PMDD?
Review, 2002
What treatments work for PMDD?