Survey study, 2025
Are violent tendencies linked to premenstrual symptoms?
Students with higher PMS symptoms, especially anxiety, irritability, and sleep problems, had higher violence tendency scores. This shows a link in the data but doesn't prove that PMS causes violence.
What they did
Cross-sectional survey of 1301 university students in Turkey conducted between January and May 2020. Students completed questionnaires about PMS symptoms and violent tendencies.
What they found
65.3% of students had PMS. Students with higher anxiety (β = 0.171), irritability (β = 0.348), and sleep changes (β = 0.182) had higher scores on the violence scale. 25.8% had high violence scores overall, while 73.2% had low scores.
What it means for you
Some PMS symptoms, especially irritability and anxiety, were connected with violent thoughts or behaviors in this student group. However, the study cannot prove that PMS causes violence. The findings only apply to university students in Turkey and don't account for other factors that might cause either PMS or violence.
65.3%
Students with PMS
25.8%
Students with high violence scores
0.348
Irritability effect size (strongest predictor)
About the study
- Original title
- The Relationship between Violence Tendency and Premenstrual Symptoms among University Students: A Cross-Sectional Study in Turkey
- Authors
- Kutlu L, Yıldırım YV
- Journal
- Nigerian journal of clinical practice
- Year
- 2025
- Study design
- Survey study
- Participants
- 1,301
- What was tested
- Relationship between violence tendencies and premenstrual symptoms
- Open access
- Yes
- Read the paper
- doi.org/10.4103/njcp.njcp_780_24
Topics
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