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Review, 2009

What causes PMDD and what are the treatment options?

PMDD affects an estimated 5-8% of women and causes severe mood and physical symptoms. The cause involves individual sensitivity to hormonal changes. Treatments include serotonin antidepressants, medications that stop ovulation, and certain newer birth control pills.

Strong study design Women in reproductive years, particularly those with PMDD

What they did

This is a review article on PMDD research and treatment options.

What they found

PMDD affects an estimated 5-8% of premenopausal women and causes severe mood symptoms (irritability, depression, tension, mood swings) and physical symptoms (breast tenderness, bloating) that affect work and social functioning. Individual sensitivity to cyclical hormone changes may cause these symptoms. Treatments include serotonin antidepressants (taken intermittently or throughout the cycle), medications that suppress ovulation, and newer oral contraceptives with novel progestins.

What it means for you

PMDD is a biological condition linked to hormone sensitivity, not a personal failing. Multiple effective treatment approaches exist.

5-8%

premenopausal women with PMDD

About the study

Original title
Update on research and treatment of premenstrual dysphoric disorder
Authors
Cunningham J, Yonkers KA, O'Brien S et al.
Journal
Harvard review of psychiatry
Year
2009
Study design
Review
What was tested
Various treatments: antidepressants, ovulation-suppressing medications, new birth control pills
Open access
Yes

Topics