Survey study, 2026
What do female students believe causes PMS and what does it affect?
Female students strongly believe that hormonal changes and genetic factors cause PMS, and that emotional distress is an effect. However, this measures what students think, not scientific proof.
What they did
Cross-sectional survey of 391 female undergraduates at University of Ilorin in Nigeria. Participants completed a validated questionnaire about sociodemographics, gynecologic history, and perceived causes and effects of PMS. Data were analyzed using chi-square statistics.
What they found
Hormonal fluctuation was significantly perceived as a cause of PMS (χ2=153.184, p<0.05). Genetic factor was significantly perceived as a cause (χ2=143.442, p<0.05). Emotional distress was significantly perceived as an effect of PMS (χ2=159.013, p<0.05).
What it means for you
Students strongly associate hormonal and genetic factors with PMS and believe it causes emotional distress. This survey measures student beliefs rather than actual scientific causes. Limited to one university in Nigeria.
391
undergraduates surveyed
χ2=153.184
perceived hormonal cause
χ2=159.013
emotional distress as effect
About the study
- Original title
- PERCEIVED CAUSES AND EFFECTS OF PREMENSTRUAL SYNDROME AMONG FEMALE UNDERGRADUATES IN UNIVERSITY OF ILORIN, NIGERIA
- Authors
- Abdulqudus Tosin Jamiu, Afolake Hamidah AFOLABI, Simeon Damilola AREMU et al.
- Journal
- Journal of Educational Research and Development
- Year
- 2026
- Study design
- Survey study
- What was tested
- None (survey of perceived causes and effects)
- Open access
- Yes
- Read the paper
- doi.org/10.67203/jerd.2026.cyi063a1
Topics
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