How common is PMS and does diet affect symptom severity?

Premenstrual Syndrome (PMS) is a prevalent menstrual disorder characterized by a range of physical, emotional, and behavioral symptoms that occur during the luteal phase of the menstrual cycle and resolve with the onset of menstruation. These symptoms can vary in severity and significantly affect daily functioning, academic performance, psychological well-being, and quality of life among females of reproductive age. Emerging evidence suggests that hormonal fluctuations, neurochemical changes, and psychosocial factors play a crucial role in PMS, while lifestyle components particularly daily dietary habits may influence symptom severity. Increased consumption of sugar, salt, fat, and processed foods, along with poor nutritional status, has been associated with more severe PMS manifestations. In the current context, the prevalence of PMS appears to be rising, especially among adolescents and young adult females, including college-going populations, possibly due to academic stress, irregular eating patterns, and unhealthy dietary choices.

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